Funding Private schools wih the people's money makes public schools worst of what they actually are, besides creating second class education which lowers the standars for poor children.
At the end those who went to private schools end up achieving the highest goals, leaving those on top once again on top, UNDERMINING MERITOCRACY and the rule of knowledge.
I agree with you in principle here. A just meritocracy is essential in any society, and it requires an equal starting point. Moreover, allowing people to spend their money on a private education if they choose may harm the quality of public education. On the other hand, it might not, as money is not everything in education. For now, let's assume it does make a difference. Those who, even with a voucher, cannot afford private school, will have a poorer education. Those who can afford private school with their voucher and couldn't before, will have a better education. However, they probably will only have enough money to afford an inexpensive private school, and as we're assuming education is proportional to money spent, their education is only slightly better. Those who could afford a private school before can now afford a better private school and thus a slightly better education. The poor would have slightly worse education, while everyone else should have slightly better education. This is a judgment call, as it benefits some and harms others (I personally think high school education should be more equal, so I oppose vouchers).
The most important observation here, though, is that there are not simply two tiers: public and private schools. There is a vast spectrum of private schools, and crossing over from public to private school does not automatically make someone significantly smarter. I am sure that when I was in high school, there were some area private schools that weren't even as good as our public school.
Probably the best way of achieving equal education for all is to ban private schooling. Firstly, I do not think this can be done. You'd have to ban private tutoring, non-school classes, and even parental teaching. Even more importantly, this is a totally condemnable proposal, not at all becoming of any free society. In other words, education can never be equal.
This, however, does not mean we shouldn't try to make it as equal as possible. While we cannot forbid private education, we can try to equalize the quality of public schools throughout the country. There is an ENORMOUS disparity in the quality of public education. There are schools where it is difficult to even survive, and there are schools where if you don't get into the college of your choice, it can't be anyone's fault but your own. Finally, funding for schools shouldn't be directed at getting the newest versions of books every few years or getting the latest computing equipment (although in some areas, rapid changes absolutely require new books). Rather the emphasis should be placed on offering salaries for teachers that are competitive with that of private schools and on developing a broad, all-inclusive curriculum. The arts, non-core sciences and maths, and yes, even sports, are as important as core sciences, mathematics, and history. If everyone were a scientist, mathematician, or a historian, the world would be a boring place.
*huff* *wheeze* That being said, DAMN that's a long post! Sorry!