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Polls on politics, news, current affairs and history.

How will the universe end ?

1-The 5 ages of the universe scenario.
6
46%
2-The big rip scenario.
3
23%
3-The big crunch scenario.
No votes
0%
4-True vaccum scenario.
1
8%
5-The multiverse scenario.
3
23%
By anasawad
#14710105
Almost everyone studies the begining and history of the universe, but very very few scientists and astronomists try to figure out the future of the universe, and 'm not talking about the future like a 1000 years from now, no 'm talking about deep time, the end of the universe it self.
And its understandable why not so many venture into it seriously, its not really that easy to know.
I history of the universe, it already happened, and the universe it self is no more than 14 billion in age which is not that much when you're talking about the universe. Like red dwarfs are expected to have a life span of 1-3 trillion years of age, so whats 14 billion years compared to that ? nothing.
So the universe, since stars and galaxies started forming, has been pretty much in the same state all along until now, so if you're studying a past event, don't worry, it'll happen everywhere again and again in this stage of life of the universe.

However for the far future of the universe, we just cant know whats going to happen, we can theorize about it but we cant prove anything, because while we have observations telling us probable models, there are several possible scenarios and not enough data to tell which one is going to happen or atleast be the one to take the field in ending the universe compared to others.

But, there are several theories based on current observations of the universe and the laws of physics as we know it.

The first one, is the 5 era or stages in the universe.
-first stage, is the primordial era, basically everything from the big bang till the first star formed.
-second stage, stelliferous era, this one is where the stars dominate the field, starts when the first star was born and ends when the last star dies.
-third stage, the degenerate era, at its start the universe will be filled with corpses of stars, white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes, and ofcourse some brown dwarfs and planets here and there.
But in this era, matter it self will start to degenerate, all quantom physics models shows that after a period of time, considerably very very long one in our perspective, protons and atoms in whole will start to decay and desolve, so everything in the universe will start to decay and disolve, matter will no longer exist in the form we know it in (i.e it'll still be there just in sub-atomic level).
-fourth stage, black hole era. This will start when everything in the universe disolve and decay, everything dies, and only black holes remains. It'll end when the last black hole evaporates.
-the dark era, which is simply when the last black hole evaporates and nothing is left. it lasts infinitly.
The only things that will be around then, would be small sub-atomic particales, photons, and those types of things in general. But they'll be so low energy, its like the don't even exist, literally.

(fun fact, supermassive black holes are expected to live up to 10 to the power of 92, year. HUUGGGEE)

The second scenario is the dark energy scenario, The big rip.
We now know the dark energy is causing the expansion of the universe to expand, and its accelerating its expansion btw. Thats why we see that all galaxies are moving away from us, in reality galaxies are just setting still not moving anywhere, rather its the space between them expanding. (anther topic we can talk about).
So what does this scenario predicts, well, basically, at some point of time (not soon obviously), dark energy would have so huge effect that the universe would have expanded tremendously. First the observable universe will come down to as low as our own neighborhood of galaxies and nothing outside will be visible to us, then it'll go down to our own galaxy, and the effect will go on and on until its our solar system, then our own planet, then the expansion would become so huge it'll reach atomic levels.
Literally atoms will break apart, and it will keep on until the very fabric of the universe is simply not there anymore. The universe will be in all sense of the word, torn apart.



The third scenario is the big crunch scenario.
This one is a little lower on data to support, but really we don't have that much data to begin with to prove or disprove any scenario.
In this scenario, the universe at a certain point, instead of expanding will reverse and start contracting.
Until it reaches all the way back into a singularity.




The fourth scenario is, which this one is a little far pitched, but it assumes based on levels of energy that the universe as we know has vaccum in it, but some assume that this isn't true vaccum, basically just an illusion. So the universe, or better say the vaccum in the universe isn't in the lowest level of energy, rather the second lowest, where the lowest is true vaccum. In short, a certain event we don't what it could be could rip a region in space into true vaccum, and that region would expand by collapsing regions around it into true vaccum, all up to the entire universe where everything is gone, the laws of physics are rewritten. No one know, nor can know what would actually happen or what could cause it, but space and time will simply be erased.

The fifth scenario, is the multiverse scenario.
Now this is more like a catagory in scenario since it takes several scenarios into it, but nevertheless.
The one i chose to put here, because i like it, is the singularity one, which is basically assumes like in the first scenario that at some point, the universe will filled with black holes, thus singularities.
So this assumes that those singularities wont just evaporate but rather in them selves explode and each creating a new smaller universe on and in it self.
Ofcourse this scenario is the farthest pitched one and we couldn't even if we want to test on it, rather its just based on some probablities of equations.



So which one do you think is most fitting and likely to be the one, or in better words what are your opinions, and do you think other scenario is more probable ?
User avatar
By MB.
#14710173
Big Rip, more or less. There are several possibilities here: Dark Energy will pull the universe apart as atomic binding energy decreases due to entropy, or, the higgs state could suddenly undergo a phase transition, which would cause mass to fail to bind at the sub atomic level.
#14710177
The first two are the most highly probable, and they are the only ones that are actually happening directly now.
However it is still unknown which one will be the one to end the universe, or whether they'll end it together, or none would to that matter as well.

The ages of the universe assumes that nothing will end the universe before the cycle of life for matter does the job and serves the universe dead.
And while the great rip is also happening currently, numbers are hard to estimate currectly because we still don't understand or even know what is dark energy.
Thus while we know for sure it is in practice already happening we don't know exactly how long does it take to finish the job and whether that would happen before the dark era comes along or not. Most estimates however puts the great rip to complete between the end of stelliferous era and somewhere in the degenerate era Based on the observable effects of dark energy and its rate of growth in the universe.
#14710332
anasawad wrote:[...]The fourth scenario is, which this one is a little far pitched, but it assumes based on levels of energy that the universe as we know has vaccum in it, but some assume that this isn't true vaccum, basically just an illusion. So the universe, or better say the vaccum in the universe isn't in the lowest level of energy, rather the second lowest, where the lowest is true vaccum. In short, a certain event we don't what it could be could rip a region in space into true vaccum, and that region would expand by collapsing regions around it into true vaccum, all up to the entire universe where everything is gone, the laws of physics are rewritten. No one know, nor can know what would actually happen or what could cause it, but space and time will simply be erased.

[...] rather its just based on some probablities of equations.

So which one do you think is most fitting and likely to be the one, or in better words what are your opinions, and do you think other scenario is more probable ?

Interesting discussion, and it seems so the fourth scenario in terms of God is continuing to clean-sweep every single objection to his already devised plans; that the creator of the whole universe is issuing more spiritual divine judgments. All of the choices are part of the answers, but with God, there will be no more mistakes. That is, the idea was, there were just five cycles. What that means, well time lapses. That is God will be holding each person responsible for their very own actions. No one else matters. So at the judgment seat, what will be their answers?

So then, the big vacuum comes. That is, on the Lord's footstool, there will be absolutes of no room for the destroyers. That is the reason why the signature states to go read up about Abydos. Just because he will be abandoning all of their same ships. God does not need continuous tests. He explicitly said he intends that mankind find his rest. That is why he came and bore it all on a cross to finally bring all that man does which it massively so very destructive right to a very abrupt end. He has so many times warned. They want to see more of what God has learned? Well, if they ever had a worry in their whole life, that would be about right now as he will be sure that all is righted. So, go hold whatever candle it is that you may be holding in those same hands and go see where goes that same light.

P.S. Way higher are those Rites of Osiris.~
#14710336
I am guessing that the Universe simple keeps expanding and so the galaxies and stars will simply continue to get further and further apart and away from each other.

New stars are constantly being born while old stars supernova and then burn out.

There seems to be so much matter and energy in the Universe that this process will never end.

The single caveat however is that everything we can see through our telescopes is millions and billions of light years away.

Therefore millions and billions of years ago all that we now see may have ended, and we ourselves with our own Sun may be the only living things left in the Universe. We actually have no way of knowing one way or the other simply because our lifespans are too short.

But for now the heavens and the Hubble Deep Field are fascinating scenery above us, at the very least.

Ergo the Universe may already have ended and we simply would not yet know it.

:D
#14710365
Bulaba Jones wrote:Sixth. :) Posthumans never get to see the true ending of the universe as they manage to escape into alternate universes to continue civilization...billions of years from now.
For us to rule, that would mean the absolute removal of all jews. Just because they got in the way of the Jews. I'm not one, that's you. So, what in hell is wrong with the Yews? Well, that's the same tree as all of those very exact same suns. All of those Yews shown full view.

Joshua the sun of Nun. So now who won? Was it Mr. Mel Gibson? Oh, the supply train: new frame. Thanks for virtually nothing but a mostly bunch of the most useless witches and all of those very same bums. They are all scum and deserve hail all of Hitler's most advanced expanses.

Just the much higher crime statistics. But that's still the whites' faults. Always, there can never be for that race any personal responsibilities. No, that discriminates. Just the white cops must learn better manners. Well, yes some do within some sort of facets, but you know, more cops are murdered by blacks and more whites killed by cops. So, exactly who discriminates? Just those very exact textbooks which tell only half the story and it's all against the whites.
#14711892
The universe will not end, it's as simple as that.

There is no need to dream up a plethora of scenarios, it will simply expand indefinitely.

There's 'space' for everything & 'everything' is in it's own 'space'.

E-MC2, as long as energy converts to matter & vice versa, so too will the universe expand, along with more matter created needing more space.

'Space' is not empty,far from it,even if particles in interstellar space seem pretty sparce,apart from the black holes,stars,planets,asteroids,meteorites,dust,gas & not least the high energy states of radiation.

As anyone with an old CRT TV will tell you, when a TV of that type was in an untuned state, the screen will be full of 'snow', the manifestation of countless energetic particles in space being detected on the screen.

It will not end in a contraction,because radiation & other more powerful forces ensure a continuous expansion.

If a big 'crunch' was written into the physics of the universe, it would have happened near the beginning of the universe.
Even though we have black holes, these are formed locally at the end of the life of a specific type of star whose mass is at least 2.5 solar masses, not in any general manner of formation due to gravity on the universal scale.

I suspect that many stars are ejected from their host galaxy when a companion star reaches hypervelocity after it's companion is ripped apart under Black Hole tidal forces pulling it into it's clutches, because the sudden loss of it's companion means that the surviving star gets 'sling-shotted' away from the black hole into interstellar space.

In time, that star,after billions of years, will itself reach the end of it's life in the deep voids of interstellar space, thus, it will spawn new stars & galaxies anew.
The above process is what we observe when we study the so-called 'fabric' of matter or web of interconnecting matter in the universe.

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