- 19 Dec 2004 03:13
#534553
The Smerch is designed basically to destroy an entire Tank division.
New warhead for Russia's Smerch rocket
Russia's Splav State Research and Production Association has released details of the latest fuel-air explosive (FAE) warhead for use with its 300mm BM 9A52 12-round Smerch multiple-rocket system (MRS).
The unguided rocket, designated the 9M55S, has maximum and minimum ranges of 70km and 25km respectively. The complete rocket weighs 800kg, including the 100kg warhead.
The FAE mixture is dispensed to form a cloud some 25m in diameter over the target. This is then detonated and the resultant overpressure is highly lethal against not only troops in the open but also personnel sheltering in fortifications and trucks and light armoured vehicles.
Soviet troops discovered during the 1979-89 occupation of Afghanistan that anti-tank weapons fitted with a conventional high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead were of limited use against dug-in troops or caves and bunkers. This led to the development and fielding of many weapons with a FAE or thermobaric-type warhead.
Today, most Russian anti-tank guided weapons (ATGWs) are offered with either a tandem-charge HEAT - to defeat targets fitted with explosive-reactive armour - or a thermobaric warhead. These include the Kornet and Metis-M developed by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It also developed the Schmel system, including the RPO-A version that has a thermobaric warhead.
A range of man-portable unguided anti-tank weapons are also offered with this type of warhead, including the RShG-1 and RShG-2 as well as the TBG-7V for use with the widely deployed RPG-7V rocket-propelled grenade system. The Russian Bazalt State Research and Production Enterprise developed these warheads (Jane's Defence Weekly 15 October 2001).
The Smerch, originally developed to meet Soviet Army requirements, was first fielded in 1987 and remains the most powerful system of its type in service with any country. A family of 300mm unguided rockets has been developed, including separable high-explosive fragmentation warheads and cargo rounds carrying either 72 submunitions, five self-targeting submunitions (scattering 25 anti-tank mines) or 646 'shaped charge'-fragmentation bomblets.
These have a range of 70km, although more recently an extended-range version has been developed that can reach out to 90km. This is designated the 9M528 and weighs 900kg, including 75kg of explosives.
In addition to being used by Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, export sales of the Smerch system have been made to Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates.
India has recently tested the Smerch and is understood to have placed an order for the complete system that includes not only the 8 x 8 launcher but also the 8 x 8 resupply vehicle and the essential command-and-control element
The Smerch is designed basically to destroy an entire Tank division.